英国肯特大学论文代写:好与坏后果
Keywords:英国肯特大学论文代写:好与坏后果
在权衡一个行为的好与坏后果时，必须区分“行为功利主义者”和“规则功利主义者”。Baase(2003)解释道:“规则功利主义，不是将效用原则应用于个人行为，而是应用于一般的伦理规则。””(p.406)。在评估这个案例研究时，很难同意电脑黑客行为总是可以的，因为这是一种侵犯隐私的行为，因此会产生很多不快。然而，将其作为一般规则加以应用的理由可能会给出，因为黑客攻击大型、私人和无政府组织，如陆军、海军或NASA，最终将使它们在问题上更加真实和开放。诚实和鼓励他人诚实是功利主义者肯定会同意的原则。这个论点当然是独立于麦金农在寻找秘密过程中造成损害的指控。按照utilli英文规则的观点，长期影响可能是，黑客攻击著名的政府网络可能会在希望保护其数据安全的其他网络管理员或个人之间引起恐慌。这可能会导致在这起案件中负有责任的人失去工作。知道数据不是私人的，可能会受到审查，这可能会导致个人采取不同于其他方式的行动;也许在一定程度上，这阻碍了他们的工作，否则他们会(约翰逊，2001)。允许黑客行为在所有情况下都是正当的，甚至可能导致质疑电子数据是否能够安全保存!或者，如果麦金农发现UFO技术的证据，产生的快乐可能会大于不快乐，然后可能是合理的。
英国肯特大学论文代写:好与坏后果
In weighing up the good verses the bad consequences of an action, the distinction must be made between ‘act utilitarians and ‘rule utilitarians’. Baase (2003) gives the explanation that “rule utilitarianism, applies the utility principle not to individual actions but to general ethical rules.” (p.406). In evaluating this case study, it would be difficult to agree that computer hacking is always okay, as this is an invasion of privacy therefore creates much unhappiness. However an argument for applying this as a general rule may be given, as hacking large, private and ungoverned organisations such as the army navy or NASA would ultimately lead to them being more truthful and open about matters. Being honest and encouraging others to be truthful is something that a rule utilitarian would certainly agree with. This argument is of course independent of the allegations that McKinnon caused damage in his apparent search for secrets. The long term effects, in rule utillitarian’s perspective, could be that hacking prestigious governmental networks may cause panic amongst other network administrators or individuals which wish to have their data kept secure. It could likely lead those responsible in this case to lose their jobs. Knowing that data is not private and may be scrutinised can lead to individuals acting differently than they would otherwise; perhaps to the extent that inhibits them from doing their job as well as they otherwise would (Johnson, 2001). Allowing hacking to be justified in all cases may even lead to questioning if electronic data can be kept securely at all! Alternatively, had McKinnon uncovered evidence of UFO technology, the happiness generated would perhaps be greater than unhappiness, and may then be justifiable.
